A Flow Meter is a specialized instrument designed to measure the flow rates of liquids, gases, and
vapors as they move through pipes or conduits. This device is essential for various applications in
industrial settings, residential areas, and commercial enterprises.
Types of Flow Meter
The primary role of flow meter is to gauge the volume of fluids flowing through a pipe and to
determine the rate at which the liquid is moving. They are capable of measuring two distinct types of
flow: volumetric flow and mass flow.
- 1. Velocity Type Flow Meter: The initial category of flow meter employed is the Velocity Type
Flow Meter, which takes advantage of the direct linear correlation between flow velocity
and flow rate. This category includes several types, such as electromagnetic, ultrasonic,
turbine, and vortex flow meters.
- 2. Variable Area Flow Meter: Variable Area Flow Meters, commonly known as rotameters, are
devices designed to measure the volumetric flow rate of liquids or gases as they travel
through a tapered tube. The fluid enters through the bottom inlet of the rotameter, creating
pressure that lifts a float within the tube.
- 3. Differential Pressure Type Flowmeter: Next, we have the differential pressure flowmeter,
which operates based on Bernoulli’s equation. In this system, the flow rate is directly related
to the square root of the pressure drop. The fundamental idea is to generate a differential
pressure within the process line by introducing an obstruction, such as an orifice or flow
nozzle. The measured differential pressure is then square-rooted to provide an indication of
volumetric flow. Various types of differential pressure flowmeters, including orifice plates
and venturi flowmeters, are utilized in this process.